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The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis and biological rhythms: The discovery of TSH's unexpected role using animal models
Ikegami, Keisuke
Yoshimura, Takashi
open access
© 2017. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
seasonal reproduction
photoperiod
pars tuberalis
glycosylation
amphibian metamorphosis
Thyroid hormones (TH) are important for development, growth, and metabolism. It is also clear that the synthesis and secretion of TH are regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis. Animal models have helped advance our understanding of the roles and regulatory mechanisms of TH. The animals' bodies develop through coordinated timing of cell division and differentiation. Studies of frog metamorphosis led to the discovery of TH and their role in development. However, to adapt to rhythmic environmental changes, animals also developed various endocrine rhythms. Studies of rodents clarified the neural and molecular mechanisms underlying the circadian regulation of the HPT axis. Moreover, birds have a sophisticated seasonal adaptation mechanism, and recent studies of quail revealed unexpected roles for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and TH in the seasonal regulation of reproduction. Interestingly, this mechanism is conserved in mammals. Thus, we review how animal studies have shaped our general understanding of the HPT axis in relation to biological rhythms.
ファイル公開:2018-10-01
Elsevier
2017-10
eng
journal article
AM
http://hdl.handle.net/2237/00027929
https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/25721
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2017.09.002
1521690X
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
31
5
475
485
https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/25721/files/Ikegami-Yoshimura_BestPractice.pdf
application/pdf
866.6 kB
2018-10-01