{"created":"2021-03-01T06:16:57.276319+00:00","id":10144,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a9bce088-26a1-4718-ad43-aac7860e89e0"},"_deposit":{"id":"10144","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"10144"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010144"},"item_9_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2003-06","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"143","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"Economic Research Center Discussion Paper"}]}]},"item_9_description_4":{"attribute_name":"\u6284\u9332","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"In 1980, Hofstede (1980; 2001) introduced a national cultural framework based on data collected in two survey rounds between 1967 and\n1973. The cultural dimensions identified in that framework, i.e., individualism (IDV), masculinity (MAS), power distance (PDI) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI), have since become a standard for\ncross-cultural research and are widely used to predict differences between members of different national cultures (Lonner and Berry 1998;\nSondergaard 1994). Hofstede believed these national cultural characteristics to be\nenduring and relatively stable over time. Changes, if they were to occur, would result from outside forces causing changes in a country\u2019s ecological factors, which, in turn, would slowly change values and institutions. In addition, as such outside forces would commonly affect more than one country, changes would occur synchronously among countries, maintaining\nthe differences among them. Among the fifty-three countries and regions included in Hofstede\u2019s\nstudy, Japan was distinctive. In clustering these countries on the basis of their scores on IDV, PDI, MAS, and UAI, Japan remained separate, the\nonly country that did not group with another country. Interestingly, Japan did not cluster with other Asian countries such as China, Taiwan,\nKorea, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, or Hong Kong. During the 1800\u2019s and 1900\u2019s, Japan has faced considerable outside forces. Were these\nforces of sufficient strength and duration to affect the cultural uniqueness of Japan as measured by the Hofstede dimensions? Data were gathered for matched samples from a single industry segment, accountants working for public accounting firms in Japan, in 1985 and in 2002,\nand used to compute the Hofstede indices as of both time periods. The two samples were matched in terms of location, gender, occupation, level, and education to control for the potential influences on culture from other sources. The results show significant change has occurred for two of the four dimensions between 1985 and 2002.\nOur research makes a unique contribution because it enables the examination of the relative stability of the Hofstede indices while controlling for other factors. The paper discusses possible reasons for the changes as\nwell as the potential impact on cross-cultural research.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_identifier_60":{"attribute_name":"URI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_type":"HDL","subitem_identifier_uri":"http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11962"}]},"item_9_publisher_32":{"attribute_name":"\u51fa\u7248\u8005","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u9644\u5c5e\u56fd\u969b\u7d4c\u6e08\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc"}]},"item_9_select_15":{"attribute_name":"\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher"}]},"item_9_text_14":{"attribute_name":"\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"application/pdf"},{"subitem_text_value":"application/pdf"},{"subitem_text_value":"application/pdf"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"\u8457\u8005","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"YAMAMURA, Jeanne H."}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"30592","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SATOH, Michimasa"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"30593","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"STEDHAM, Yvonne"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"30594","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-02-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"Abstract143.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"48.4 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"Abstract143.pdf abstract","url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/10144/files/Abstract143.pdf"},"version_id":"bea4d120-7d2b-4dc8-9010-e14ebfc406e5"},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-02-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"paper143.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"106.5 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"paper143.pdf paper","url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/10144/files/paper143.pdf"},"version_id":"f74a8ac4-aa31-40ac-850c-46cba3cfad2c"},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-02-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"comment143.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"10.7 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"comment143.pdf comment","url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/10144/files/comment143.pdf"},"version_id":"f6a80ca8-57ba-4015-a459-ca8d12c8f555"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"\u8a00\u8a9e","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Changing Dimensions of National Culture in Japan : Appying the Hofstede Fremework","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Changing Dimensions of National Culture in Japan : Appying the Hofstede Fremework"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"1","path":["1076/1077/1079"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"\u516c\u958b\u65e5","attribute_value":"2009-07-21"},"publish_date":"2009-07-21","publish_status":"0","recid":"10144","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Changing Dimensions of National Culture in Japan : Appying the Hofstede Fremework"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2021-03-01T19:35:47.052359+00:00"}