@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:02005551, author = {横山, 佳奈 and YOKOYAMA, Kana}, journal = {名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科紀要. 心理発達科学, Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development. Psychology and human developmental sciences}, month = {Mar}, note = {In recent years, the number of children with developmental disabilities has been increasing annually, and the need for early detection and early intervention for children with developmental disabilities has been attracting attention. In Japan, a law on developmental disabilities has been enacted that clearly states the importance of early developmental support as well as seamless support. With the enactment of such a law, a system for early detection and early intervention for children with developmental disabilities has been widely established. Local governments are required to review the system for early detection and the developmental support system based on this system, and how support should be tailored to the actual situation in Japan has to be considered. In this paper, we review previous studies on the early detection of developmental disabilities and early intervention based on the early detection of developmental disabilities in Japan and discuss the challenges and future prospects. Early signs of developmental disabilities can be observed during infancy and early childhood, and a diagnostic evaluation with prediction that leads to a definite diagnosis is called early detection. Early detection enables adults around the child to relate to and adjust the environment according to the child’s characteristics, thereby promoting development, preventing secondary emotional and behavioral problems, promoting one’s self-understanding, and broadening the scope of future social participation. In addition, it has been shown that surrounding adults, such as parents and caregivers, are more likely to recognize early signs of a disorder from an early stage. However, it has also been shown that it takes time for parents to accept a child's disability even if they are aware of it, suggesting that support during the awareness stage needs to be carefully considered, taking into account how parents perceive the child’s disability. Recognizing children’s developmental problems and connecting parents and children to support them are becoming increasingly important. In recent years, overdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of developmental disabilities have become problems, and uncertainty in the early detection of developmental disabilities has been highlighted. Previous studies have shown that regardless of whether a child has a diagnosis or not, there is a need to appropriately assess the child’s condition, consider the support necessary for the child’s development, and follow-up while watching over the child so that support can be provided at the right time for both parents and the child. The purpose of the 5-year-old child health checkup is to detect children with mild developmental and social development problems in group life at day-care centers and kindergartens and to provide support to reduce maladjustment after school entry. To provide support suited to each child, each child’s condition in the community needs to be captured. For this purpose, a follow-up system centered on infant health checkups must be established. However, there remains many issues that need to be addressed, such as health checkups for 5-year-olds not yet being legally mandated and not yet being implemented in all regions, the method of implementation not being standardized because it varies from municipality to municipality, and the follow-up system still being in the process of being established. In the future, effectiveness and clinical studies should be conducted to clarify the effectiveness of the system and further enhance the support system.}, pages = {11--20}, title = {発達障害の早期発見・早期支援に関する研究の動向と今後の課題}, volume = {69}, year = {2023} }