{"created":"2021-03-01T06:35:57.780494+00:00","id":27926,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"8e646d28-a547-47b2-a3f8-8da7c22404ec"},"_deposit":{"id":"27926","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"27926"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027926","sets":["326:521:2321:2387"]},"author_link":["90905","90906"],"item_1615768549627":{"attribute_name":"出版タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_9_alternative_title_19":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"On the Derivation of Tough Constructions","subitem_alternative_title_language":"en"}]},"item_9_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1996-10-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"169","bibliographicPageStart":"157","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"29","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"IVY","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_9_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"In the GB framework, tough constructions as in (1) have been derived by the null operator movement as in (2). (1) John is easy to please. (2) John is easy [CP Opi [IP PRO to please ti]]. However, it is wellknown that the above analysis has some counter examples listed as follows. A. The subject of infinitival clauses cannot appear. (3) *This bedi is impossible [CP [c for] your letter to be under ti]. B. The null operator movement cannot be applied to the subject of the complement of ECM verbs. (4) *Billi is hard to believe [ti to be insane]. It must be noted here that the subject of small clauses can be moved. (5) Jonesi is hard [Opi to consider [ti incompetent]]. Furthermore, the object of control verbs can be moved, too. (6) Johni is easy [Opi to convince [ti to drive a car]]. C. The null operator movement cannot be applied to the object in finite clauses. (7) *The Presidenti is hard to believe [CP [c that] he met ti]. D. The null operator movement cannot be applied to the NP contained in another NP. (8) *Johni is fun to see [pictures of ti]. In this paper, adopting the null operator movement analysis, I will make clear the property of tough constructions which can account for the gramamaticality of the sentenses in (5)-(6) and the ungrammaticality of the sentense in (4). In addition, I will make a brief discussion on the phenomenon in (8). The basic framework of this paper is that of Chomsky (1993). It requires that a feature assigned to a functional head must be checked by the same feature in the Spec-head or head-head relation. This requirement will play the crucial role in this paper.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_publisher_32":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"名古屋大学英文学会","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"},{"subitem_publisher":"The society of english literature and linguistics Nagoya University","subitem_publisher_language":"en"}]},"item_9_select_15":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher"}]},"item_9_source_id_7":{"attribute_name":"ISSN（print）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0914-2266","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"中川, 直志","creatorNameLang":"ja"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"90905","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Nakagawa, Naoshi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"90906","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-05-08"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"ivy_29_157.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"532.0 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"ivy_29_157.pdf","objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/27926/files/ivy_29_157.pdf"},"version_id":"3c1ed1ad-126f-4cd7-b94b-95e80c18576a"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Tough 構文の派生について","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Tough 構文の派生について","subitem_title_language":"ja"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"1","path":["2387"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2019-05-08"},"publish_date":"2019-05-08","publish_status":"0","recid":"27926","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Tough 構文の派生について"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-01-16T04:20:09.437745+00:00"}