{"_buckets": {"deposit": "cc9f8b2b-efd8-40f6-be2d-88f73ae79b24"}, "_deposit": {"id": "27985", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "27985"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027985"}, "item_9_biblio_info_6": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2002-10-31", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicPageEnd": "89", "bibliographicPageStart": "59", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "35", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "IVY"}]}]}, "item_9_description_4": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "Japanese allows multiple prenominal modifiers to modify a single noun. In such cases, all but the rightmost occurrence of -i can be replaced with -ku. In a parallel way, -na/-no can be replaced with -de. (1) a. hiro-i fuka-i kawa b. hiro-ku fuka-i kawa, broad deep river (2) a. buree-na taikutu-na kyaku b. buree-de taikutu-na kyaku, rude boring guest (3) a. tyoosin-no kinpatu-no josee b. tyoosin-de kinpatu-no josee, tall blonde lady The aim of this paper is to clarify the structural difference between the (a) examples and the (b) examples in (1)-(3). Notice that the modifiers marked with -ku/-de are unacceptable in the following examples. (4) a. naga-i eigo-no tango b. *naga-ku eigo-no tango, long English word (5) a. kaiteki-na ki-no isu b. *kaiteki-de ki-no isu, comfortable wooden chair (6) a. eigo-no naga-i tango b. *eigo-de naga-i tango, English long word  Interestingly, the English counterparts of (1)-(3) allow coordination, as shown in (7), while those of (4)-(6) do not, as shown in (8)-(9). (7) a. a broad and deep river b. a rude and boring guest c. a tall and blonde lady (8) a. *a long and English word b. a long English word (9) a. *a comfortable and wooden chair b. a comfortable wooden chair These facts lead us to the conclusion that modifiers marked with -ku/-de are coordinated, while modifiers marked with -i/-na/-no in multiple modifier constructions are stacked. This is schematically represented in (10). (10) a. [XP-i/-na/-no [XP-i/-na/-no NP]](stacked structure) b. [[XP-ku/-de XP-i/-na/-no] NP](coordinate structure) The morphemes -i, -na, and -no are all members of the same functional category: Mod(ification) in the sense of Rubin (1994). That is, modifiers marked with -i, -na, and -no are uniformly of category ModP. The morphological differences between stacked structures and coordinate structures are captured by the principles of Distributed Morphology (Halle and Marantz 1993). The morphemes -ku and -de arise from the morphological fusion of Mod and Co(njunction). Although Japanese conjunction has no phonological realization per se, it is crucial in the phonological differentiation between stacked structures and coordinate structures.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_9_publisher_32": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u82f1\u6587\u5b66\u4f1a"}]}, "item_9_select_15": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_9_source_id_7": {"attribute_name": "ISSN\uff08print\uff09", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "0914-2266", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Takekoshi, Atsushi"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "91163", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2019-05-13"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "ivy_35_59.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "702.4 kB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 702400.0, "url": {"label": "ivy_35_59.pdf", "url": "https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/27985/files/ivy_35_59.pdf"}, "version_id": "e04ba03e-3356-404f-bfe2-71eab4b9ff0f"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "eng"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "departmental bulletin paper", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "Multiple Prenominal Modifiers in Japanese", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "Multiple Prenominal Modifiers in Japanese"}]}, "item_type_id": "9", "owner": "1", "path": ["326/521/2321/2393"], "permalink_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2237/00030183", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_name_i18n": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2019-05-13"}, "publish_date": "2019-05-13", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "27985", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["Multiple Prenominal Modifiers in Japanese"], "weko_shared_id": 3}