@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00030881,
 author = {Ieda, Masayuki and Mizutani, Teruyoshi and Suzuoki, Yasuo},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya University},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {The techniques of the X-ray induced thermally stimulated current (TSC) and thermoluminescence (TL) are pointed out to be powerful to investigate the natures and the origins of carrier traps in insulating materials and they are systematically applied to various polymers, especially to polyethylene. Most polymers except those of high ionic conduction such as polyvinyl chloride, show remarkable TSC peaks arising from trapped carriers and some of them are accompanied with TL peaks. Most of TSC (TL) peaks correspond well to the onset of molecular motions, suggesting that the molecular motions strongly affect the release of electrons (holes) from traps. In highly crystalline polymers such as polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene, several TSC peaks appear above the glass transition temperatures and originate from traps in the crystalline regions and / or in their boundary regions. Some of carrier traps are ascribed to physical defects such as cavities formed by local arrangements of polymer chains. In this case, the erosion of traps by molecular motions may promote the detrapping of electrons (holes). The locations of these traps are also determined from the corresponding molecular motions which have already been understood well. In polyethylene, for example, five or six kinds of traps are assigned to physical defects such as cavities. Oxidation products such as the carbonyl groups and the cross-linking points also act as fairly deep traps.},
 pages = {173--219},
 title = {TSC and TL studies of carrier trapping in insulating polymers},
 volume = {32},
 year = {1981}
}