@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00031409,
 author = {Ochiai, Yoshiyuki and Fukumura, Teruo},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya University},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {Following the basic line of thinking already described in our previous report “Introductory to Timbre Study of Forced Vocalics”, we have present the experimental data of physical timbre-pattern study and of subjective quality measurement of forced vocalics. In accordance with our own concept of quality, i.e., dual quality aspect, we give two kinds of pattern representation, that is, phonemic pattern and vocal pattern, and we present two kinds of fundamental quality, that is, articulation and naturalness, which are most important for speech communication. In addition to these fundamental qualities, we introduce here one other quality more primitive and direct in timbre judgement and examine the nature of this third quality of piano-forte timbre discrimination. Based upon the experimental results of pattern variation and quality difference of oral vocalics due to level forcing, we try to interpret the mechanism of quality formation in timbre pattern and to re-examine the concept of so-called formant.},
 pages = {75--90},
 title = {Timbre pattern representation and subjective quality measurement of "forced vocalics"},
 volume = {12},
 year = {1960}
}