@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00031462,
 author = {Ochiai, Yoshiyuki and Fukumura, Teruo and Hattori, Akira},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya University},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {In the present report we deal with the confusion problem of vocalic timbre. Guided by the dual aspect of quality in timbre, we developed our study along an original line of inquiry treating not only phonemic confusion but also vocal confusion. The subject of vocal-confusion is novel and, because it stands in close relationship to transmission of the voice-quality in speech-communication engineering, is of inexhaustible interest. Complicated and divergent as the phenomena of confusion are, they are none-the-less quite available for, first, the interpretation of quality-loss, such as articulation- and naturalness-loss, and second, they give precious clues for perfect understanding of vocalic timbres themselves for the simple reason that the problem of confusion is but a problem of timbre-discrimination, and for the further fact that an experimental study of confusion also supplies us with an effective system of methods of inquiry on timbre sensitivity which is of vital importance. On the other hand, we must sharpen our observations on confusion phenomena by introducing incoming confusion as well as employing outgoing confusion by the help of which our description of the phenomena is animated and our treatment systematized.},
 pages = {203--207},
 title = {Timbre study of vocalic voices viewed from subjective phonal aspect : Part II (a)-Preliminary studies on timbre confusion of phoneme and voice},
 volume = {8},
 year = {1957}
}