@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005454, author = {Okazaki, Toshiya and Suenaga, Kazutomo and Lian, Yongfu and Gu, Zhennan and Shinohara, Hisanori}, issue = {21}, journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics}, month = {Dec}, note = {The oxidation states of Sm atoms in various fullerene cages are directly investigated by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The observed peak positions of the M_45 edges of the Sm atom in Sm@C_2n [2n=74, 78, 80, 82 (isomers I, III), 84 (isomers I, II, III)] are apparently shifted to the lower binding energy region in comparison with those of a trivalent Sm^3+ in Sm_2O_3. The results indicate that the Sm atoms take +2 valence states irrespective of the fullerene cages. This observation is discussed based on a simple thermochemical cycle model. We also report that the Sm metallofullerenes have been converted to Sm carbide materials under a prolonged electron beam irradiation.}, pages = {9593--9597}, title = {Direct EELS observation of the oxidation states of Sm atoms in Sm@C_2n metallofullerenes (74 ≼ 2n ≼ 84)}, volume = {113}, year = {2000} }