@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005886,
 author = {東村, 岳史 and Higashimura, Takeshi},
 journal = {国際開発研究フォーラム, Forum of International Development Studies},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This essay attempts to analyze the relations between the Ainu and the Japanese by tracing the changing names given to the Ainu by the Japanese. The framework utilized here is the dynamic interaction between the naming side and the named. The Japanese named the Ainu Kyu-dojin, meaning former native, at the beginning of the Meiji Era. The Ainu hated to be identified as Kyu-dojin because of the term's other meanings, savage and uncivilized. Furthermore, the negative connotations associated with Kyu-dojin affected the word Ainu as well. The words Utari, originally an Ainu word meaning comrade, and Ainu-kei, meaning Japanese of Ainu lineage, were later used in order to avoid direct identification of the Ainu people. A typical example was the change of the Ainu peoples association's name from Ainu Kyokai to Utari Kyokai. A reawakening in pride for the original meaning of the word Ainu, human, has led some in the community to call themselves Ainu again. The name of the majority Japanese, i.e., Nihonjin, Wajin, or Shamo, who are usually insensitive to their own and the minority's names, should be questioned as well, in order to be conscious of their identity building in relation with others.},
 pages = {87--101},
 title = {呼称から考える「アイヌ民族」と「日本人」の関係 : 名付けることと名乗ること},
 volume = {34},
 year = {2007}
}