@article{oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008319,
 author = {後藤, 倬男 and GOTO, Takuo},
 journal = {名古屋大学文学部研究論集　哲学},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This study presents results from the examination of what effects the repeated and prolonged observations produced on the response indices, such as magnitude of illusion(PSE), judgment frequency (FREQ), and judgment time (TIME), using Baldwin illusion similar to Ebbinghaus illusion as shown in Fig.1. The PSE in the size of a center circle (CC) was measured by varying the size of the surrounding circle (SCs) through the method of limits. Four standard stimuli (SS:3 size ratio + 1 control stimulus) and one comparison stimulus (CS), displayed on two personal computers (NEC:9801XA) were presented to a subject located 114 cm away from the stimulus display (NEC: N-5923). The subject, male with norman vision and good experience in this type of experiment, was instructed to compare the apparent size of the CC of the SS presented randomly at the center of the one display with that of the CS (a single-circle) presented on the other display. Further, the subject was exposed to the SS in the lefthand side of the display and the CS in the righthand side. This study revealed the following four results: (1) The PSE s showed no significant variation with the prolonged observation (Fig.2A). The PSEs of the three size ratios (1/2, 1/1, and 2/1) maintained almost an identical level in contrast either to the decrease (Coren & Girgus, 1974) or to the shift to overestimation (Day, 1962; Goto, 1987, 1990; Tanaka, 1989; Goto & Ohya, 1989). (2) The FREQs represented almost the same variations as those of the above PSEs as shown in Fig.2B. However, the TIMEs decreased as the observation was prolonged as shown in Fig.2C. (3)Both the PSEs and the FREQs decreased and then increased likewise as the experiment was repeated (Figs.3A and 3B). In contrast, the TIMEs variations were almost identical to those of the prolonged observation (Figs.2C and 3C). (4) With Baldwin illusion, the PSE produced the characteristic variation as a function of the size ratio between the SCs and the CC (Fig.4A). As we proved in our previous studies (Goto, 1978, 1980a, b, 1987, 1990, 1991; Goto & Ohya, 1989), this variation manifested a "size contrast" between the SCs and the CC. In conclusion, this study has verified again that Baldwin illusion is the "illusion of size contrast." Further, the PSEs and FREQs are almost unaffected by the prolonged observation, with the similar effect resulted from the repeated experiment. These results suggested that almost the stable PSEs are generated by the subject even under the quicker judgment throughout the prolonged and/or the repeated observation, and that the "size contrast" is processed mainly under the lower stages of perceptual judgment.},
 pages = {93--101},
 title = {Baldwin錯視の反復長時間連続観察に関する一考察},
 volume = {39},
 year = {1993}
}