{"_buckets": {"deposit": "7528fcb4-222c-4922-a0a4-6683c9323192"}, "_deposit": {"id": "27883", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "27883"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027883"}, "item_9_alternative_title_19": {"attribute_name": "\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_alternative_title": "The English Middle and the Notion of Responsibility"}]}, "item_9_biblio_info_6": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "1993-10-30", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicPageEnd": "102", "bibliographicPageStart": "85", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "26", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "IVY"}]}]}, "item_9_description_4": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "Middle constructions have many syntactic and semantic idiosyncrasies. Therefore, they have been dealt with in a number of studies about argument structures and semantic structures. It has been well-known that the middle formation in English is subject to rather strict syntactic and semantic constraints, unlike the passive formation. In this paper, arguments are concentrated on semantic constraints on the middle construction. We first examine the Affectedness Constraint, which states that only verbs with arguments which undergo some change of state (i. e. affected arguments) may form middles. However, there are many verbs forming middles by externalizing arguments that are not affected in any sense. This fact suggests that the Affectedness Constraint is not a proper constraint on the middle formation. Tenny (1987) argues that the notion of affectedness is related to that of delimitedness. Her claim is that the affectedness may be defined as the property of a verb, such that it describes such situation or happening that can be delimited by the direct argument of the verb. And she insists that the notion of affectedness defined in this way characterizes the verbs that allow the middle formation more adequately. However, the notion of delimitedness is not entirely clear, and her explanation also has some cases that fails to be accounted for. So, I show that the notion of responsibility can explain better which verbs are qualified for the middle formation and which are not. The Responsibility Constraint says that the (understood) object of a verb can be used as the subject of a middle sentence if it is understood to be responsible for the action of the verb. I argue for the claim that the notion of responsibility is a right kind of semantic constraint on the middle formation. A second aim of this paper is to show that the Responsibility Constraint is consistent with the properties about adverbials in English middles. It is known that middle verbs must be accompanied by adverbials or some other kind of modification like negation or modality. Given the assumption that the focus is completely shifted from Agent to Patient in English middle constructions, we can account for the adverbial requirement in this construction using the notion of responsibility as follows : adverbs are necessary to make the subject Patient responsible for the action described by the verb, and only such kind of adverbials can co-occur with middle verbs. Thus, the notion of responsibility, which explains the occurrence of adverbials in English middle constructions, can be seen as a constraint on the meaning of an entire middle sentence, not on individual lexical items.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_9_publisher_32": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u82f1\u6587\u5b66\u4f1a"}]}, "item_9_select_15": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_9_source_id_7": {"attribute_name": "ISSN\uff08print\uff09", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "0914-2266", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "\u5c71\u7530, \u4f73\u5b50"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "90661", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Yamada, Keiko"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "90662", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2019-04-22"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "ivy_26_85.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "609.2 kB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 609200.0, "url": {"label": "ivy_26_85.pdf", "url": "https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/27883/files/ivy_26_85.pdf"}, "version_id": "1d2e26b3-5386-4ce8-a123-1fab043e9864"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "jpn"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "departmental bulletin paper", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "\u4e2d\u9593\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u8cac\u4efb\u6027", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "\u4e2d\u9593\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u8cac\u4efb\u6027"}]}, "item_type_id": "9", "owner": "1", "path": ["326/521/2321/2384"], "permalink_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2237/00030082", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2019-04-22"}, "publish_date": "2019-04-22", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "27883", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["\u4e2d\u9593\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u8cac\u4efb\u6027"], "weko_shared_id": 3}