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"The Breeze Running through Ideas" : Wordsworth's Vitalist Associationism
http://hdl.handle.net/2237/00030171
1ceca85f-35b2-43d7-8430-ca35101ccb3f
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション | |
|---|---|---|---|
ivy_32_31.pdf (1.7 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2019-05-10 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | "The Breeze Running through Ideas" : Wordsworth's Vitalist Associationism | |||||
| 著者 |
Koguchi, Ichiro
× Koguchi, Ichiro |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper sets out to expound Wordsworth's psychological view in the late 1790s, the period when he established himself as a major Romantic poet. In "The Preface to Lyrical Ballads" of 1800, Wordsworth assumes a peculiar position combining the traditional theory of the association of ideas and the emerging paradigm of Romantic organicism. Built upon the world-view of the eighteenth century, the former theory as devised by its originator David Hartley is characterized by its mechanist-necessitarian position, the opposite of the latter which is based on the notion of spontaneous free growth. When it was employed in the 1800 "Preface," therefore, associationism would have to be substantially revised so as to fit in with this new organicist framework. The current paper explicates this theoretical revision in Wordsworth's psychological outlook. The mechanist aspect of Hartley's associationist theory is supported by the doctrine of vibration: the assumption that psychological processes are conducted by vibrations in the nervous system. The medium through which those physiological vibrations are communicated is the ether, that "subtle" universal fluid conceived by Newton as the medium of physical forces. Although this Newtonian ethereal fluid was originally regarded as the agent of God's participation in the created world, by Hartley's time it had been interpreted from an entirely mechanistic perspective as a part of the self-sustained mechanism of the universe. Hartley's associationism is thus doubly mechanistic both in its psychological dimension and in its physical ground. Wordsworth in the early 1790s subscribed to this Hartley-derived mechanical doctrine. In fact, he employed Hartleyan associationism complete with the vibration doctrine in the 1794 version of An Evening Walk. However, in the poetry written in the late 1790s, while associationism retains its status as a central psychological principle, the vibration doctrine is completely dropped. And, in its stead, a pantheist active principle in the guise of active fluid is introduced as the agent of mind-nature communion and other psychological processes. Then, in The Pedlar and The Two-Part Prelude written in 1798 and 1799, this religious principle is revised into a psycho-physiological notion of active feeling again in the form of living liquid. Thus by the 1800 "Preface," Wordsworth's associationism had transformed from the original mechanical doctrine into its opposite extreme, an organic theory. It is significant that the idea of an active principle in the form of living fluid was retained after its original theoretical premise, the pantheist philosophy, had become less important. Other than pantheism, there may have been another route of influence which gave support to the notion of active fluid. This alternative source was the contemporary development of vitalist thinking in medicine and biology. Wordsworth could have known about John Thelwall's medical theory of animal vitality pervading the atmosphere, and he almost certainly learned about the spirit of animation as the vital principle of living creatures while studying Erasmus Darwin's biological treatise, Zoonomia. These contemporary vitalist theories could have given Wordsworth the notion of active fluid as the principal agent of human psychology. While this may not be a demonstrable claim, it is certain that these biological ways of thought contributed to the general intellectual climate that inspired Wordsworth to create a new vitalist version of associationism in the 1800 "Preface to Lyrical Ballads." | |||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 名古屋大学英文学会 | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ISSN（print） | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0914-2266 | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
IVY 巻 32, p. 31-60, 発行日 1999-10-31 |
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| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 値 | publisher | |||||
