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  1. B200 工学部/工学研究科
  2. B200d 学位論文
  3. 博士論文(工博・論工博)

Thermal Energy Production by Hydrothermal Oxidation

http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9673
http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9673
8b889470-e9e4-4355-9291-0205a7e2fdf1
名前 / ファイル ライセンス アクション
hirosaka-k-text.pdf hirosaka-k-text.pdf (1.5 MB)
hirosaka-k-contents.pdf hirosaka-k-contents.pdf (246.8 kB)
hirosaka-k-cover.pdf hirosaka-k-cover.pdf (35.8 kB)
Item type 学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1)
公開日 2008-04-16
タイトル
タイトル Thermal Energy Production by Hydrothermal Oxidation
言語 en
著者 廣坂, 和馬

× 廣坂, 和馬

WEKO 22676

ja 廣坂, 和馬

Search repository
hirosaka, kazuma

× hirosaka, kazuma

WEKO 22677

en hirosaka, kazuma

Search repository
アクセス権
アクセス権 open access
アクセス権URI http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
抄録
内容記述 Wet biomass is hard to handle as a fuel because it contains high moisture content and its drying process needs more energy input than it produces. Hydrothermal oxidation is one of the promising technologies to overcome this problem because this process does not need drying process at all. Thermal energy production from wet biomass by hydrothermal oxidation can be an innovative technology. Thermal energy production by hydrothermal oxidation of ethanol in subcritical water is experimentally and numerically studied as a fundamental research to develop a new concept of thermal energy production system. Experimental results using a lab-scale, plug-flow reactor system show that the moderate exothermic reaction occurs through subcritical water oxidation of ethanol. The conversion of ethanol depends on the preheating temperature and the concentration of oxidizer. At a lower concentration of oxidizer, the decomposition of ethanol is dominant and methane, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are produced. At a higher concentration of oxidizer, the hydrothermal oxidation of ethanol is dominant and carbon dioxide is produced as well as thermal energy up to 576 kJykg-1. The rate of ethanol oxidation with oxygen in subcritical water is also investigated at temperatures between 170 and 230 °C and a fixed pressure 23.5 MPa. The residence time ranges from 180 to 580 s. The initial concentration of ethanol is set to 25 mmolyl-1 and the initial concentration of oxygen is changed from 50 mmolyl-1 to 150 mmolyl-1, which corresponds to the variation of equivalence ratio from 0.5 to 1.5. The first-order oxidation rate is derived from the experimental data at the equivalence ratio of 0.5. A global oxidation rate including the dependence on oxygen concentration is derived from the complete set of experimental data using a least-square method. The reaction orders for ethanol and oxygen are 0.86±0.03 and 1.15±0.05, respectively. The resulting activation energy and the pre-exponential factor are 61±3 kJymol-1 and 102.05±0.24, respectively. Numerical simulation of subcritical water oxidation of ethanol is conducted in order to confirm whether the oxidation rate obtained in experiments using low ethanol concentrations is applied to the condition of higher ethanol concentrations. Steady-state solutions are obtained by solving governing equations and the conversion of ethanol and the temperature increase are compared with the experimental results. The simulation results agree with the experimental results qualitatively. It is found that the derived oxidation rate is generally applicable to the subcritical water oxidation of ethanol. The quantitative discrepancy is attributed to a neglecting the further oxidation of acetic acid into carbon dioxide, which generates additional heat. Thermal energy produced by hydrothermal oxidation is useable for electric power plants. Two kinds of hydrothermal oxidation power plants, direct and indirect type power plants are investigated. In the direct type power plant, the reactant is oxidized in a reactor and flows directly into a turbine. In the indirect type power plant, the reactant is oxidized in a reactor and the reaction heat is conveyed to the main water, which flows into a turbine. The amount of electric power and the energy conversion efficiency are calculated with ethanol, glucose, and peat solutions used as reactants. In both types of power plant, one steam turbine is employed for generating electricity with the maximum turbine inlet temperature of 650 °C. As the ethanol concentration increases, the amount of electric power and the energy conversion efficiency become higher. The maximum efficiency for the direct type power plant using ethanol solution is about 26.4% for 17.6 wt% EtOH solution at the reactor pressure of 10 MPa. The efficiency of the indirect type power plant is much lower than that of the direct type, but by pressurizing main water up to 4 MPa, the efficiency becomes higher up to 20.9% for 21.5 wt% EtOH solution.
言語 en
内容記述タイプ Abstract
内容記述
内容記述 名古屋大学博士学位論文 学位の種類:博士(工学)(課程) 学位授与年月日:平成20年3月25日
言語 ja
内容記述タイプ Other
言語
言語 eng
資源タイプ
資源 http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
タイプ doctoral thesis
書誌情報
発行日 2008-03-25
学位名
言語 ja
学位名 博士(工学)
学位授与機関
学位授与機関識別子Scheme kakenhi
学位授与機関識別子 13901
言語 ja
学位授与機関名 名古屋大学
言語 en
学位授与機関名 Nagoya University
学位授与年度
学位授与年度 2007
学位授与年月日
学位授与年月日 2008-03-25
学位授与番号
学位授与番号 甲第7975号
フォーマット
application/pdf
フォーマット
application/pdf
フォーマット
application/pdf
著者版フラグ
値 publisher
URI
識別子 http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9673
識別子タイプ HDL
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