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The main obstacle to the robustness of car tracking is large shadows of vehicles. Even with a good foreground model, the tracking process is liable to be disrupted by the shadows. This paper proposes an HMM-based foreground-background segmentation method which is capable of modeling shadow as well as foreground and background regions. Unlike many other probabilistic background models, it is not necessary to select the training data since the distributions for different regions can be learnt from an ordinary video sequence. The ambiguity among different regions(categories)is reduced by not only using the temporal continuity constraint for each category, but using jointly intensity and Sobel values, which measure the homogeneity of a region in space, as the observation symbols. This method itself functions a low level tracker. It can be also used as a low level process for an active contour based car tracker. Results on real-world motorway sequences show that using the proposed method, it is possible to accurately segment the image into background, cars and the shadow of cars in real time.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_10_identifier_60": {"attribute_name": "URI", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_identifier_type": "HDL", "subitem_identifier_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10251"}]}, "item_10_publisher_32": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a"}]}, "item_10_rights_12": {"attribute_name": "\u6a29\u5229", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_rights": "\u3053\u3053\u306b\u63b2\u8f09\u3057\u305f\u8457\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6ce8\u610f \u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u306f\uff08\u793e\uff09\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u306b\u5e30\u5c5e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u7269\u306f\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u306e\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u63b2\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3054\u5229\u7528\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u3063\u3066\u306f\u300c\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u6cd5\u300d\u306a\u3089\u3073\u306b\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u502b\u7406\u7db1\u9818\u300d\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u9858\u3044\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 Notice for the use of this material The copyright of this material is retained by the Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ). This material is published on this web site with the agreement of the author (s) and the IPSJ. Please be complied with Copyright Law of Japan and the Code of Ethics of the IPSJ if any users wish to reproduce, make derivative work, distribute or make available to the public any part or whole thereof. All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) Information Processing Society of Japan. Comments are welcome. Mail to address: \u3000editj\u003cat\u003eipsj.or.jp, please."}]}, "item_10_select_15": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_10_source_id_7": {"attribute_name": "ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "03875806", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_10_text_14": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "application/pdf"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "\u52a0\u85e4, \u30b8\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23825", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "KATO, Jien"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23826", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "\u6e21\u9089, \u8c4a\u82f1"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23827", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "WATANABE, Toyohide"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23828", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "\u7c73\u7530, \u653f\u660e"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23829", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "YONEDA, Masaaki"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "23830", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2018-02-19"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "ipsjj_42_1_1.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "1.6 MB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 1600000.0, "url": {"label": "ipsjj_42_1_1.pdf", "url": "https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/8504/files/ipsjj_42_1_1.pdf"}, "version_id": "2b43cd6b-6b22-4b4a-b247-11cd26963c31"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "jpn"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "journal article", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "HMM\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4ea4\u901a\u76e3\u8996\u6620\u50cf\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u30fb\u7269\u4f53\u30fb\u5f71\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u624b\u6cd5", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "HMM\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4ea4\u901a\u76e3\u8996\u6620\u50cf\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u30fb\u7269\u4f53\u30fb\u5f71\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u624b\u6cd5"}]}, "item_type_id": "10", "owner": "1", "path": ["320/321/322"], "permalink_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10251", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2008-07-16"}, "publish_date": "2008-07-16", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "8504", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["HMM\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4ea4\u901a\u76e3\u8996\u6620\u50cf\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u30fb\u7269\u4f53\u30fb\u5f71\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u624b\u6cd5"], "weko_shared_id": 3}