{"_buckets": {"deposit": "da441e71-214c-44db-8cc7-987a50d436ef"}, "_deposit": {"id": "9989", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "9989"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp:00009989"}, "item_9_alternative_title_19": {"attribute_name": "\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_alternative_title": "Chineese Migrans in the First World War: The Recruitment of Chinese Contract Laborers in Harbin by Russian Enterprises"}]}, "item_9_biblio_info_6": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2009-03-24", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicPageEnd": "54", "bibliographicPageStart": "41", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "38", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "\u56fd\u969b\u958b\u767a\u7814\u7a76\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0"}]}]}, "item_9_description_4": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "Although China maintained neutrality during most of the First World War, its citizens worked in a variety of enterprises in the Entente countries replacing British, French and Russian men enlisted to fight against Germany.  The present paper focuses on the recruitment of Chinese contract laborers in Northeast China by Russian enterprises in 1915-1917 and the policies of both receiving and contributing nations in this period.  The large labor shortage in many Russian enterprises during the First World War, especially in railroad companies, required the Council of Ministers to lift previous restrictions on the employment of foreigners from East Asian countries, and to promptly develop a system of recruitment of large numbers of Chinese workers, including their transportation and employment.  Russian enterprises agents, Chinese Eastern Railroad staff, Russian Consulate staff in Harbin and Chinese petty entrepreneurs worked together to recruit nearly 70,000 laborers in areas where sojourn to Russia and other countries was a tradition long before the outbreak of the war.  Although this system functioned quite effectively during the initial period, it soon became apparent that Russian enterprises had not prepared appropriately to receive large numbers of foreign workers, and Chinese petty entrepreneurs who were responsible not only for recruitment and transportation of laborers, but who had also agreed to supervise their work during the whole period of contract, failed to manage this process successfully.  Both factors caused deaths and illnesses among laborers, leading to their escape from working sites and even assaults on their supervisors.  The Bolsheviks\u2019 coup d\u2019\u00e9tat and bankruptcy of many enterprises that employed Chinese caused difficulties in laborers\u2019 return to their homeland and even led to their involvement into the Civil War.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_9_identifier_registration": {"attribute_name": "ID\u767b\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_identifier_reg_text": "10.18999/forids.38.41", "subitem_identifier_reg_type": "JaLC"}]}, "item_9_publisher_32": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u56fd\u969b\u958b\u767a\u7814\u7a76\u79d1"}]}, "item_9_select_15": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_9_source_id_61": {"attribute_name": "ISSN\uff08Online\uff09", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "2189-9126", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_9_source_id_7": {"attribute_name": "ISSN\uff08print\uff09", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "1341-3732", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_9_text_14": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "application/pdf"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "SAVELIEV, Igor"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "87630", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2018-02-20"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "03.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "6.9 MB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 6900000.0, "url": {"label": "03.pdf", "url": "https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/9989/files/03.pdf"}, "version_id": "12e7331f-fc63-4c5e-82ce-dc107ed253c9"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "jpn"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "departmental bulletin paper", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u671f\u306e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\uff0d\u30cf\u30eb\u30d3\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u4f01\u696d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5951\u7d04\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u52df\u96c6\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u8af8\u554f\u984c\uff0d", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u671f\u306e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\uff0d\u30cf\u30eb\u30d3\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u4f01\u696d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5951\u7d04\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u52df\u96c6\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u8af8\u554f\u984c\uff0d"}]}, "item_type_id": "9", "owner": "1", "path": ["608/609/610/1117"], "permalink_uri": "https://doi.org/10.18999/forids.38.41", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_name_i18n": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2009-05-19"}, "publish_date": "2009-05-19", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "9989", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u671f\u306e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\uff0d\u30cf\u30eb\u30d3\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u4f01\u696d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5951\u7d04\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u52df\u96c6\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u8af8\u554f\u984c\uff0d"], "weko_shared_id": null}